• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Tunable mass damper comprising: frame (1), bracket (3), main mass (4), first coil (8) and first permanent magnet (7), a metal damping plate (5) and a first electromagnet located in correspondence with a first surface of the damper plate (5) and without contact with the damper plate (5); wherein the first permanent magnet (7) and the first coil (8) are arranged without contact with each other and aligned with each other perpendicularly with respect to the bracket (3); wherein the damper comprises a control unit (18) configured to: vary a circulating electric current through the first coil (8), thereby varying the natural frequency of oscillation of the tuneable dumbbell, and; varying a circulating electric current through the first electromagnet (12), thereby varying the damping coefficient of the tunable mass damper. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2697725A1
    申请号:ES201730988
    申请日:2017-07-28
    公开日:2019-01-28
    发明作者:Mendez Alfonso Valentin Poncela；Iban Antolin Lorenzana；Gomez Alvaro Magdaleno；Gomez Ovidio Hernandez
    申请人:Universidad de Valladolid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Tunable dough cushion
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004]
    [0005] Object of the invention
    [0006]
    [0007] The invention relates to a tunable mass absorber or TMD (for the acronym in English Tuned Mass Damper) with ability to act on two variables of said damper, namely the natural frequency of oscillation and the damping coefficient.
    [0008]
    [0009] The device object of the invention cited fits in the field of dynamic vibration suppressors, and more specifically in the field of slender civil structures such as pedestrian walkways, cable-stayed bridges, industrial chimneys, etc .; These structures, known under the concept of "living structures", are characterized by the variations experienced in their structural parameters throughout their useful life.
    [0010]
    [0011] Technical problem to be solved and Background of the invention
    [0012]
    [0013] Many of the civil structures of our days (for eminently aesthetic and non-functional reasons), are characterized by their lightness and slenderness, which makes them strongly sensitive to daily loads caused by their users (walkers, runners, skaters, cyclists, road traffic ...), and environmental charges such as wind, fine rain, or the combination of both. The result is that these structures vibrate at low frequencies (a few Hz) causing annoying sensations to users although, yes, without major dangers for the infrastructures except isolated cases of well-known in the literature (eg Tacoma bridge) . The most recent and well-known example is the pedestrian footbridge Millennium Bridge in London, closed shortly after the inauguration due to the problems of pedestrian use that arose on the day of the inauguration. This catwalk was reopened several months after the inauguration, having been necessary the design, manufacture and placement of mass-tuned or TMD shock absorbers along it.
    [0014]
    [0015] Slender skyscraper buildings also incorporate similar devices (such as the TAIPEI 101 skyscraper) in their upper part to cope with vibrations caused by strong winds in these cases.
    [0016]
    [0017] The current structural damping devices rest basically on the idea of Den Hartog, who formulated the problem of how to passively tune such devices in their different applications. Magnetorheological variants can also be found, as well as executions based on the use of conventional shock absorbers and permanent magnets.
    [0018]
    [0019] Also, solutions are known that use electromagnets to act on the damping coefficient of the TMD's. An example of this is described in document ES 2390899 B1. One of the problems with this solution is that it is not able to act independently on the damping coefficient and the natural vibration frequency of the damper. Additionally, the system described in this document comprises moving parts in contact (hydraulic shock absorber) that result in a system not at all efficient due to the static friction between the various moving parts.
    [0020]
    [0021] The solutions proposed in the state of the art to address the effects due to unwanted vibrations in infrastructure have been cataloged in three major variants: a) passive, without any electronics, tuned or adjusted to the main vibrating mode of the structure and without contribution energetic some; b) active, equipped with conventional control loops as well as the corresponding electronics, and involving the injection of energy to the structure to counteract the annoying vibrations, that is, with strong energy requirements, and; c) semi-active: intermediate point between the two previous ones but without significant energy contributions or risks of instability.
    [0022]
    [0023] Description of the invention
    [0024]
    [0025] In order to provide a solution to the aforementioned problem, the following tunable mass damper is presented.
    [0026] The invention presented herein is a solution that does not inject energy; that has the capacity to adapt continuously to the infrastructure to which it is linked; and without friction elements between the components or moving parts participating in the adjustments of the adjustable parameters. These last characteristics make it especially interesting given that they involve adaptability to changes (aging, environmental conditions, loads ...) and practically lack of maintenance. It could be classified as a semi-active type of damping.
    [0027]
    [0028] The present invention therefore relates to a tunable mass absorber or TMD, which can be adapted to its operating parameters electromagnetically.
    [0029]
    [0030] The shock absorber object of the present invention includes a frame (preferably formed by a frame of general parallelepiped shape) and a bracket (preferably in the form of a plate).
    [0031]
    [0032] The bracket is anchored by a first end to the frame by means of a support of the bracket.
    [0033]
    [0034] The shock absorber also includes a main mass located in proximity to a second free end of the bracket.
    [0035]
    [0036] The damper object of the invention incorporates a first electromagnetic assembly comprising a first coil attached to the frame and a first permanent magnet attached to the bracket by a first face of said bracket facing the first coil.
    [0037]
    [0038] Advantageously, the tunable mass absorber object of the present invention includes a second electromagnetic assembly, wherein said second electromagnetic assembly in turn comprises:
    [0039]
    [0040] - a metal damping plate (preferably formed by a non-ferrous and / or non-ferromagnetic material) located in correspondence with the second free end of the bracket, and;
    [0041] - a first electromagnet, anchored to the frame by means of a first anchoring, where said first electromagnet is located in correspondence with a first surface of the damping plate and without contact with the damping plate; the first electromagnet is preferably arranged in such a way that the magnetic field lines strike perpendicularly on the first surface of the damping plate.
    [0042]
    [0043] The bracket of the shock absorber comprises means for joining the first permanent magnet configured to allow the connection of the first permanent magnet at different points along the length of the bracket.
    [0044]
    [0045] Also, the frame comprises first fixing means of the first coil configured to allow the fixing of the first coil at different points along the frame.
    [0046]
    [0047] In the manner described in the two preceding paragraphs, the first electromagnetic assembly is configured to allow the first permanent magnet and the first coil to be arranged without contact with each other and to be aligned with each other perpendicularly with respect to the bracket.
    [0048]
    [0049] The tunable mass absorber object of the present invention additionally includes a control unit connected to the first coil of the first electromagnetic assembly and to the first electromagnet of the second electromagnetic assembly.
    [0050]
    [0051] The control unit is configured to:
    [0052]
    [0053] - varying a circulating electric current through the first coil, thereby varying the natural frequency of oscillation of the tunable mass damper, and;
    [0054]
    [0055] - varying a circulating electric current through the first electromagnet, thereby varying the damping coefficient of the tunable mass damper.
    [0056] In the manner described above, the tunable mass absorber object of the invention is configured to act on the first electromagnetic assembly and on the second electromagnetic assembly, thereby varying the parameters (natural oscillation frequency and damping coefficient) of the damper to adapt to the changing parameters of the structure to which the shock absorber is attached.
    [0057]
    [0058] Also, in the manner described above, the tunable mass absorber object of the invention is capable of acting on the damper parameters, even in open loop (ie, not necessarily in response to a data input from structural sensors).
    [0059]
    [0060] According to a preferred embodiment of the tunable mass absorber object of the present invention, the first electromagnetic assembly comprises a second coil connected to the frame and a second permanent magnet attached to the bracket by a second face of said bracket facing the second coil, so that the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are located on opposite faces of the bracket.
    [0061]
    [0062] According to this preferred embodiment, the bracket includes means for joining the second permanent magnet configured to allow the connection of the second permanent magnet at different points along the length of the bracket.
    [0063]
    [0064] For its part, according to this preferred embodiment, the frame comprises second fixing means of the second coil configured to allow the fixing of the second coil at different points along the frame.
    [0065]
    [0066] According to this preferred embodiment, the first electromagnetic assembly is configured so that the second permanent magnet and the second coil are arranged without contact with each other and are aligned with each other perpendicularly with respect to the bracket.
    [0067]
    [0068] Also, according to this preferred embodiment, the control unit is connected to the second coil of the first electromagnetic assembly and is configured to vary a circulating electric current through the second coil, thereby varying the natural frequency of oscillation of the tunable mass damper.
    [0069]
    [0070] Also according to a preferred embodiment, the second electromagnetic assembly incorporates a second electromagnet anchored to the frame by a second anchor. This second electromagnet is located in correspondence with a second surface of the damping plate and without contact with the damping plate. In this way, the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet of the second electromagnetic assembly are located in correspondence with opposite faces of the damping plate.
    [0071]
    [0072] According to this preferred embodiment, the control unit is connected to the second electromagnet of the second electromagnetic assembly and is configured to vary a circulating electric current through the second electromagnet, thereby varying the damping coefficient of the tuneable dumbbell.
    [0073]
    [0074] As was the case with the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet of the second electromagnetic assembly is arranged in such a way that the magnetic field lines strike perpendicularly on the second surface of the damping plate.
    [0075]
    [0076] Thanks to the second electromagnetic assembly, when the bracket enters vibration due to a vibration of the structure to which the tunable mass absorber is attached, eddy currents (or eddy currents) will be created induced on respective surfaces of the damper plate , due to the movement of the latter within the magnetic fields created by each electromagnet.
    [0077]
    [0078] The fact mentioned in the previous paragraph will produce a viscous damping effect of the vibratory movement of the bracket proportional to the oscillation speed of the bracket. Acting on the circulating currents for each one of the electromagnets, this viscous damping effect can be adjusted adapting it to the structural circumstances and to the external agents acting on the structure.
    [0079] Preferably, the tunable mass absorber object of the present invention incorporates a first vibration sensor that is connected to a first measuring point of the frame. This first vibration sensor is connected to the control unit and is configured to make vibration measurements of the frame and send said measurements to the control unit. The control unit is configured to act on the first electromagnetic assembly (on each coil thereof) and on the second electromagnetic assembly (on each electromagnet thereof) as a function of the measurements made by the first vibration sensor.
    [0080]
    [0081] Also preferably, the tunable mass damper incorporates a second motion sensor or displacement of the main mass (this second sensor is preferably of the laser type), where said second motion sensor is connected to a second measuring point of the frame and it is connected to the control unit, the second sensor being configured to make measurements of movement or displacement of the main mass and send said measurements to the control unit. The control unit is configured to act on the first electromagnetic assembly (on each coil thereof) and on the second electromagnetic assembly (on each electromagnet thereof) as a function of the measurements made by the second sensor of movement or displacement of the mass principal.
    [0082]
    [0083] The tunable mass absorber object of the present invention can incorporate feeding means consisting of at least one battery, where said battery can be connected to a solar recharging system.
    [0084]
    [0085] According to a preferred embodiment of the tunable mass damper object of the present invention, the control unit is connected to each coil of the first electromagnetic assembly through a first power driver, and is connected to each electromagnet of the second electromagnetic set to through a second power driver.
    [0086]
    [0087] The proposed invention allows, by means of its two independent control inputs (that is, by means of the independent action on the first electromagnetic assembly and / or on the second electromagnetic assembly), the adjustment of both the natural oscillation frequency of the shock absorber and the coefficient of damping of a tuned mass damper (TMD) to the main mode of the structure whose vibration is to be attenuated, and where the damper of the invention is located. For this the system control unit processes the vibration that the infrastructure suffers (acceleration), and based on it and the control strategy implemented in the control unit, adjusts the levels of the two available control signals, in such a way that tries to maintain at all times the TMD in the optimal point of necessary operation, independently of the variations that the structure may suffer in its daily operation. These variations in its parameters could cause that (in the case of a conventional TMD) the TMD initially installed and adjusted (tuned), could work out of tune losing initial benefits. It is precisely on this point that the proposed invention affects, bringing the TMD back to the point of proper functioning.
    [0088]
    [0089] Mounted on a frame that can be coupled to the infrastructure of interest, a pendulum-type TMD is available, consisting of a "recessed" bracket at one end of the frame, and at the free end of which the main mass is located.
    [0090]
    [0091] Both the length, the cross section, the material of the bracket and the main mass are chosen according to the frequency of interest.
    [0092]
    [0093] To the main mass is coupled (opposite side to the bracket) a damper plate, of geometry exemplarily rectangular (which assumes a mass additional to the TMD that should be considered in the previous calculations), of metallic material (preferably non-magnetic), in such a way that their faces are parallel to the main dimension of the corbel and the greater side perpendicular to the corbel.
    [0094]
    [0095] Preferably on both sides of the damping plate are arranged two facing electromagnets of length, diameter, core and number of turns according to the electromagnetic field necessary to generate to dampen the movement of the main mass by applying one of the available control signals. These electromagnets are attached to the frame at a fixed point, not modifiable, by means of the corresponding supports. Additionally at that point at least one permanent magnet may be placed at a distance from the plate such as to ensure the minimum necessary damping of the TMD (that of tuning with the receiving structure) and thus reduce the consumption of both electromagnets.
    [0096] Similarly, two more coils are preferably arranged, separated on this occasion by the bracket. These coils are fixed to the main frame by means of supports that allow to establish their position, along the central axis of the bracket, so that the control of the natural frequency of oscillation is achievable with less energy effort by the coils mentioned and the another control signal available.
    [0097]
    [0098] Both coils are preferably placed in such a way that their longitudinal axis is the same and perpendicular to the bracket. In the same position with respect to the bracket where the coils are located, and placed directly on the bracket, two permanent magnets (preferably of neodymium or similar) are arranged. The coils are located with respect to the magnets at the appropriate distance (symmetrical and equal in both coils) to ensure their correct operation in the variation of the vibration frequency of the assembly by means of the corresponding control signal.
    [0099]
    [0100] The proposed invention allows by means of its two different control signals and by means of its vibration and movement sensors of the main mass, the adjustment of the damping and frequency of the TMD automatically (in closed loop), and without any contact between the interacting parts , without moving parts (except the TMD itself), and without operator except for the assembly and commissioning phase where the position of the coil magnet coil assembly can be altered along the longitudinal axis of the bracket. By not injecting any energy into the main structure, only changing the parameters of the TMD system, there is no risk of destabilizing the whole. As already mentioned, the tunable mass damper can work with batteries and solar recharging system, not being necessary to connect to any electrical network.
    [0101]
    [0102] Brief description of the figures
    [0103]
    [0104] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, an assembly of drawings is included as an integral part of said description, in which the illustrative and non-limiting character has been represented. following.
    [0105] Figure 1: shows an elevation view of an embodiment of the tunable dough damper object of the invention.
    [0106]
    [0107] Figure 2: shows a plan view of the tunable mass damper shown in Figure 1.
    [0108]
    [0109] Figure 3: shows a side view of the tunable dough damper shown in Figure 1.
    [0110]
    [0111] Figure 4: shows a perspective view of the tunable mass damper shown in Figure 1.
    [0112]
    [0113] Figure 5: shows a possible embodiment of the connections of the control unit of the tunable mass absorber object of the invention.
    [0114]
    [0115] Detailed description
    [0116]
    [0117] The present invention relates, as already mentioned above, to a tunable mass damper.
    [0118]
    [0119] As can be seen in the figures, on a frame (1) of an exemplary parallelepiped shape, the bracket (3), attached by a first end (31) to a support (2) of the frame (1), is positioned.
    [0120]
    [0121] Once the bracket (3) is attached to the frame (1), in proximity to a second free end (32) of the bracket (3), the main mass (4) is placed. After this, the damper plate (5) is fixed.
    [0122]
    [0123] In the positions available on the bracket (3), the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (6) of the first electromagnetic assembly are located.
    [0124]
    [0125] For its part, the first coil (8) and the second coil (9) of the first electromagnetic assembly are arranged on first fixing means (11) and on second fixing means (10) of the frame (1) respectively.
    [0126]
    [0127] ll
    [0128] Both the first coil (8) and the second coil (9) are fixed to the frame (1), preferably in positions on the vertical of the permanent magnets (6, 7).
    [0129]
    [0130] The first electromagnet (12) and the second electromagnet (13) of the second electromagnetic assembly are respectively joined to the first anchor (14) and the second anchor (15), at a minimum distance from the buffer plate (5), but avoiding physical contact in the vertical movements of the bracket (3). In the second electromagnetic assembly it is possible to arrange at least one additional permanent magnet (not shown in the figures) at a distance from the damping plate (5) such as to ensure a minimum damping level of the TMD.
    [0131]
    [0132] Finally, the first vibration sensor (16) and the second movement sensor (17) are fixed to the frame (1) respectively at a first measuring point (16 ') and at a second measuring point (17').
    [0133]
    [0134] The tunable mass absorber object of the invention operates in such a way that by means of the voltage from the control unit (18), to be applied to the first coil (8) and to the second coil (9) of the first electromagnetic assembly via the driver (19) of power, the circulating current is varied by said first coil (8) and second coil (9) and the frequency of the oscillation of the bracket (3) and main mass (4) assembly is adjusted.
    [0135]
    [0136] For its part, the damping is governed by the voltage applied to the first electromagnet (12) and the second electromagnet (13) of the second electromagnetic assembly via the power driver (20), which varies the circulating currents by said first electromagnet (12). ) and second electromagnet (13).
    [0137]
    [0138] The voltage values to be applied in each case depend on the information processed by the control unit (18) thanks to the information collected from the system by the first sensor (16) of vibrations and by the second sensor (17) of movement of the main mass (4).
    [0139]
    [0140] The tunable mass absorber object of the present invention can be used in any slender civil structure (pedestrian walkways, especially cable-stayed bridges), with low vibration modes (a few Hertz) and vibration levels perceptible by users. For this it is necessary to analyze the structure and locate the most appropriate anchor point, respecting the aesthetic conditions of the infrastructure and accessibility to the tunable mass damper for its assembly and subsequent maintenance if necessary.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    Tunable mass damper comprising a frame (1), a bracket (3) anchored by a first end (31) to the frame (1) by means of a support (2) of the bracket (3), a main mass (4) ) located in proximity to a second free end (32) of the bracket (3), a first electromagnetic assembly comprising a first coil (8) attached to the frame (1) and a first permanent magnet (7) attached to the bracket ( 3) by a first face of said bracket (3) facing the first coil (8), characterized in that it comprises a second electromagnetic assembly which in turn comprises:
    - a metal damper plate (5) located in correspondence with the second free end (32) of the bracket (3), and;
    - a first electromagnet (12), anchored to the frame (1) by a first anchor (14), said first electromagnet (12) located in correspondence with a first surface of the damping plate (5) and without contact with the damping plate ( 5);
    wherein the bracket (3) comprises joining means of the first permanent magnet (7), configured to allow the union of the first permanent magnet (7) at different points along the length of the bracket (3);
    wherein the frame (1) comprises first fixing means (11) of the first coil (8), configured to allow the fixing of the first coil (8) at different points along the frame (1);
    wherein the first electromagnetic assembly is configured so that the first permanent magnet (7) and the first coil (8) are arranged without contact with each other and are aligned with each other perpendicularly with respect to the bracket (3);
    wherein the tunable mass damper further comprises a control unit (18) connected to the first coil (8) of the first electromagnetic assembly and to the first electromagnet (12) of the second electromagnetic assembly;
    where the control unit (18) is configured to:
    - varying a circulating electric current through the first coil (8), thereby varying the natural frequency of oscillation of the tunable mass damper, and;
    - varying a circulating electric current through the first electromagnet (12), thereby varying the damping coefficient of the tunable mass damper.
    [2]
    2. Tunable mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the first electromagnetic assembly comprises a second coil (9) attached to the frame (1) and a second permanent magnet (6) attached to the bracket (3) by a second face. of said bracket (3) facing the second coil (9);
    wherein the bracket (3) comprises joining means of the second permanent magnet (6), configured to allow the joining of the second permanent magnet (6) at different points along the length of the bracket (3);
    wherein the frame (1) comprises second fixing means (10) of the second coil (9), configured to allow the fixing of the second coil (9) at different points along the frame (1);
    wherein the first electromagnetic assembly is configured so that the second permanent magnet (6) and the second coil (9) are arranged without contact with each other and are aligned with each other perpendicularly with respect to the bracket (3);
    wherein the control unit (18) is connected to the second coil (9) of the first electromagnetic assembly, and;
    wherein the control unit (18) is configured to vary a circulating electric current through the second coil (9), thereby varying the natural frequency of oscillation of the tunable mass damper.
    [3]
    3. Tunable mass absorber according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second electromagnetic assembly comprises a second electromagnet (13), anchored to the frame (1) by a second anchor (15), said second electromagnet (13) located in correspondence with a second surface of the damper plate (5) and without contact with the damper plate (5); wherein the control unit (18) is connected to the second electromagnet (13) of the second electromagnetic assembly, and; wherein the control unit (18) is configured to vary a circulating electric current through the second electromagnet (13), thereby varying the damping coefficient of the tuneable dumbbell.
    [4]
    Tunable mass damper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a first vibration sensor (16) connected to a first measuring point (16 ') of the frame (1) and connected to the control unit (18). ), where the first sensor (16) is configured to make vibration measurements of the frame (1) and send said measurements to the control unit (18), where the control unit (18) is configured to act on the first set electromagnetic and on the second electromagnetic assembly according to the measurements made by the first vibration sensor (16).
    [5]
    5. Tunable mass damper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a second sensor (17) of movement of the main mass (4), attached to a second measuring point (17 ') of the frame (1) and connected to the control unit (18), where the second sensor (17) is configured to make measurements of movement of the main mass (4) and send said measurements to the control unit (18), where the control unit ( 18) is configured to act on the first electromagnetic assembly and on the second electromagnetic assembly as a function of the measurements made by the second sensor (17) of movement of the main mass (4).
    [6]
    6. Tunable mass damper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damper plate (5) is made of non-ferromagnetic metal.
    [7]
    Tunable mass damper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises feeding means consisting of at least one battery.
    [8]
    8. Tunable mass damper according to claim 7, characterized in that the feeding means comprise a solar recharging system for the battery.
    [9]
    9. Tunable mass damper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (18) is connected to the first coil (8) of the first electromagnetic assembly through a first power driver (19), and is connected to the first electromagnet (12) of the second electromagnetic assembly through a second power driver (20).
    [10]
    Tunable mass damper according to any of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the control unit (18) is connected to the second coil (9) of the first electromagnetic assembly through a first power driver (19).
    [11]
    Tunable mass damper according to any of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the control unit (18) is connected to the second electromagnet (13) of the second electromagnetic assembly through a second power driver (20).
    [12]
    12. Tunable mass damper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second electromagnetic assembly comprises at least one permanent magnet located at a distance from the damper plate (5) such as to ensure a minimum level of damping.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2697725B8|2021-04-21|
    ES2697725B2|2021-03-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CN102031751A|2010-12-23|2011-04-27|湖南大学|Big-tonnage cantilever type horizontal tuned mass damper for regulating eddy-current damping|
    ES2390899A1|2010-12-30|2012-11-19|Fundación Cartif|Magnetic mass absorb for variable rigidity |
    CN105887661A|2016-05-20|2016-08-24|河海大学|Frequency-adjustable eddy current tuned mass damper capable of being serially assembled|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201730988A|ES2697725B8|2017-07-28|2017-07-28|Tunable mass damper|ES201730988A| ES2697725B8|2017-07-28|2017-07-28|Tunable mass damper|
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